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13 findings on the state of climate disclosures in the finance sector

The EY TCFD state of play report finds that banks are more advanced in climate reporting than insurance and investment management companies.


In brief

  • Climate risks and opportunities are top of mind across the finance sector as pressure from investors, regulators and other stakeholders continues to rise.
  • TCFD provides a framework for how organisations should report information on governance, strategy, risk management, and metrics and targets.
  • Voluntary and mandatory adoption of the recommendations increases year on year, but as yet, no financial institution can be considered fully aligned.

Guidance published by the Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) has become frequently used across many regions and sectors since its initial release in 2017. In the past few years, regulators have taken steps to introduce mandatory TCFD reporting for certain types of companies, starting from large public organisations and gradually expanding the scope to smaller firms.

EY TCFD state of play report 2021-22

As the number of organisations and bodies adopting it as a framework for climate-related reporting continues to grow, we observe significant variation in the style, quality and quantity of disclosures both within and across different sectors.

The finance sector has a central role to play in the transition and stands to make significant gains or losses, depending on the speed and scale of climate action. Transparent and informative disclosures are therefore of the utmost importance, not just to the organisations themselves, but to their investors, their clients and the economies in which they operate.

TCFD Performance Analyser

EY teams developed the TCFD state of play report (PDF) to further explore the variation in the standard of climate-related disclosure across the finance sector. It provides a snapshot of the current standing of select financial institutions from the Banking and Capital Markets (BCM), Insurance and Wealth and Asset Management (WAM) sectors, across all regions globally. 

We evaluated the climate-related disclosures of a representative sample of financial organisations from these sectors in order to identify keys trends, best practices, and challenges relating to each of the four TCFD pillars – Governance, Strategy, Risk Management, and Metrics and Targets.  

Overall, we found that the quality of disclosure across companies in the BCM sector is better than that of Insurance or WAM. This finding is in line with our expectations, as a significant number of BCM companies are publicly listed and have therefore been subject to higher investor and regulatory pressure for a longer period. 

From a geographical perspective, companies that are based in the countries where regulations have been adopted earlier, such as the UK and other European states, tend to display higher quality and more detailed disclosures. This can again be explained by a high level of regulatory and stakeholder pressure. The number of climate-related standards and initiatives across Europe tend to rank much higher than that in the Americas or the Asia-Pacific region. 

Unsurprisingly, our analysis showed that companies that are subject to higher public scrutiny, typically publicly listed and public interest entities, tend to publish more comprehensive disclosures. As non-financial performance rises up the agenda of different stakeholder groups, organisations are increasingly concerned with meeting the associated reporting and disclosure expectations, motivating earlier action in organisations with more external exposure.

Insights from our research

In this report, we explore what TCFD guidance requires, how organisations in different sectors have responded and where current market practice will need to evolve. 

Key findings include:

Governance: 
  1. The most common individual to have responsibility for climate issues is the CEO.
  2. 49% of companies disclose details of an incentive structure linked to climate initiatives.
  3. Companies are starting to seek assurance over their disclosures, pre-empting moves by regulators to enforce it.
Strategy:
  1. Almost 100% of organisations recognise the importance of climate change to both the economy and their business.
  2. Despite high take-up of scenario analysis, very few programmes could be considered fully aligned to TCFD.
  3. Two-thirds of the WAM sector offer dedicated green product ranges, more than double the levels observed in the other sectors assessed.
  4. Adoption of the latest TCFD guidance relating to Credible Transition Plans (CTPs) is very low – only 13% of organisations share any information which could be considered a reponse.
Risk management:
  1. The impact of climate change on reputation risk is acknowledged more widely than on any other existing risk categories.
  2. Organisations are largely not disclosing the quantitative impact of climate change on their financial statements.
Metrics and targets:
  1. Reporting of operational emissions is generally better than of financed emissions, but even with more established standards, gaps and inconsistencies persist.
  2. Despite increased industry focus on calculating financed emissions, disclosures are not comprehensive, lack clarity and not yet consistent.
  3. There is not always correlation between organisations measuring their levels of green finance and those setting targets to increase it.
  4. Net zero targets are widespread but are often announced without clarifying the scope and timeframe of the commitment.

Our research found that financial institutions are making real progress in improving the quality and coverage of their climate-related disclosures, but as we discuss in detail in the report, there is still a lot of work to be done in all three sectors assessed, across all four TCFD pillars.

Our latest thinking


    Summary

    Financial institutions play a crucial role in the transition to a low-carbon economy, as they carry significant climate-related risks through their clients. On the one hand, this could result in the widespread systemic risk across multiple sectors and markets, if climate-related risks are not considered.  

    On the other hand, financial institutions have the power to redirect the capital flows towards the initiatives aiming to help with the transition to a low-carbon economy. By making sure that climate risks and opportunities are front and centre to financial institutions’ future growth strategies, they can ensure that the economies are meeting their climate targets.

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