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Final reconciliation bill offers benefits for oil and gas industry


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The law reinstates 100% bonus depreciation for many categories of property, allowing an immediately full-cost deduction for eligible assets.


Final budget reconciliation legislation (H.R. 1), signed into law on July 4, 2025 (the Act), contains several provisions that could benefit the oil and gas industry, such as reductions in minimum royalty rates for production on federal lands and a new deduction for domestic research expenses.

The Act repeals Section 50262 of the IRA, restoring royalty rates for oil and gas leases on federal land to 12.5%. The minimum rent rate is restored to $1.50 per acre and the minimum bid price is restored to $3 per acre. The Act also directs the Interior Secretary to immediately resume quarterly onshore oil-and-gas lease sales and requires at least four lease sales per year to be conducted in Alaska, Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Wyoming.

 

The Act also permanently extends bonus depreciation and allows taxpayers to claim 100% bonus depreciation for qualified property acquired after January 19, 2025, as well as specified plants planted or grafted on or after that date. In addition, IRC Section 168(k)(10) is modified to give taxpayers the option to elect to claim 40% bonus depreciation (or 60% for longer production period property or certain aircraft) in lieu of 100% bonus depreciation for qualified property placed in service during the first tax year ending after January 19, 2025.

Summary

In addition to opening additional federal lands to oil and gas exploration, final budget reconciliation legislation signed on July 4, 2025, includes various tax provisions that will benefit the industry.

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